本論文以台灣九二一集集地震與中國五一二汶川地震災後的住宅重建，探討一個地區與村落的非正式制度如何影響居民之間的集體決策與集體行動，進而改變一個地方重建計畫的成果與效率。傳統觀點將災後重建績效差異歸諸於兩個因素。首先，國家或地方政府干預經常被視為是災後重建成敗的主要因素。其次，民間社會的非政府組織、義工的救援，有時比官僚機構更有效率且更合乎災民需要。然而，上述因素似乎忽略災民的主體性或地方社會在重建過程中的作用。因此，本論文以災民為討論的主體，透過社會韌性這個災難研究常用的概念，分析地方社會在災難的特殊情境之下，如何達成集體決策與集體行動。
論文可以分成三個部分：首先，我以台灣集集地震130棟集合住宅重建的歷程，分析一個社區的信任網絡，如何影響集合住宅重建的成敗，論文的發現指出外力介入與社區的信任網路強度，決定了一個集合住宅重建的成敗，而九二一重建基金會與社區區民自主的更新會，就是正式制度與非正式制度的展現。其次，我以中國汶川地震災區的五個村落，分別說明非正式制度如何監督國家施政和地方政府合作，並彌補地方政府基礎行政能力的不足，產生不同的重建模式，表面上看起來重建比較快的社區，在長遠來看未必會有比較佳的後過。最後，我比較了在國家與市場之下，不同的政權體制、不同的市場力量，如何影響一個社區與地方社會非正式制度的強弱，結論指出在中國威權體制之下，非正式制度主要扮演補充的角色，無力改變國家整體的重建的方向，但是在台灣民主體制之下，非正式制度卻是扮演要角，社區的信任結構的強度會決定集合住宅重建的成敗。

The conventional wisdom of disaster studies focused on the state and civil society as the outside helper in the reconstruction stage. The two aspects, however, largely neglect the subjective responses of victims and local communities. In the name of resilience, recent studies have turned to the effects of local community in disaster relief. According to the dataset of 921 Chi-Chi Earthquake in Taiwan and the my fieldwork after the 2008 Wenchuan Earthquake in China , I develop four ideal-type of communities—(1) strong state vs. strong community, (2) weak state vs. strong community, (3) strong state vs. weak community, (4) and weak state vs. weak community—and find that the performances of reconstruction, from the best to the worst, follow the same sequence. This comparative study displays how informal institutions in local community help affected populations overcome the collection action barriers and shape the process of rebuilding houses. I argue that the social resilience of different community determines the effect and efficiency of the housing reconstruction project. The more resilient community, the better construction. In contrast, the strong state top-down reconstruction project may damage the performances by destroy social networks in local communities.

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