醇胺與氨水溶液之超重力旋轉床建模應用於二氧化碳吸收製程

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研究生：	康嘉麟 KANG,JIA-LIN
論文名稱：	醇胺與氨水溶液之超重力旋轉床建模應用於二氧化碳吸收製程 Modeling Rotating Packed Bed on Absorption of CO2 by Aqueous Amines and Ammonia Solutions
指導教授：	鄭西顯 Jang,Shi-Shang
口試委員:	談駿嵩汪上曉吳煒
學位類別：	博士 Doctor
系所名稱：	工學院 - 化學工程學系 Department of Chemical Engineering
論文出版年：	2016
畢業學年度：	105
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	133
中文關鍵詞：	二氧化碳捕獲、超重力旋轉床、醇胺溶液、氨水溶液、工業級設計
外文關鍵詞：	CO2 capture, rotating packed bed, monoethanolamine solution, dilute ammonia, Industrial scale design
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此論文貢獻如下:
• 建立醇胺與稀釋氨水溶液基於雙模理論之超重力轉床模型
• 發現溫度凸波存在於旋轉床之中當大量二氧化碳被移除
• 發現使用修正的表面反應常數在二氧化碳增強因子之中是必要的以增強在高濃度醇胺吸收劑之預測能力
• 使用傳統吸收塔與超重力旋轉床模型進行實驗及到工業級吞吐量的差異比較
• 發現使用氨水溶液，超重力旋轉床有較佳的表現，主要是因為CO2 loading 操作差異造成
• 發現單位質傳高度(Height of a Transfer Unit)不適合作為比較差異的指標
• 體積質傳速率(Volumetric mass transfer rate )為較適合的指標

The contributions of this dissertation are listed as following:
• Developed a model of the carbon dioxide absorption by monoethanolamine and dilute ammonia solutions in a rotating packed bed based on two-film theory.
• Found out that temperature bulge can be found in the rotating packed bed when a large amount of carbon dioxide was removed.
• Found out that use of a modified expression for the apparent kinetic constant in the enhancement factor is necessary to predict experiment results using high amine concentrations.
• Compared to the traditional packed bed and rotating packed bed by models for different throughput rates, ranging from bench scale to industrial scale.
• Found out that the apparent intensification effect of the rotating packed bed is more significant for ammonia than for monoethanolamine solution because of the different operating of CO2 loading.
• Found out that the Height of a Transfer Unit is inappropriate to be an indicator for intensification effect of volume.

Abstract    I
Table of Contents    II
List of Figures    VI
List of Tables    X
Chapter 1 Introduction    1
1.1 Energy Consumption and CO2 Emissions    1
1.2 Significance of the Research    4
1.3 Research Objectives    6
1.4 Research Contributions    7
1.5 Outline of Dissertation    8
Chapter 2 Literature Review    11
2.1 Amine and Ammonia Capture Mechanisms    11
2.2 Basic Principles and Structure of the Rotating Packed Bed    15
2.3 Mass Transfer Correlations    16
2.4 Liquid Hold-Up    19
2.5 Flooding factor    21
Chapter 3 Mathematical Modeling    24
3.1 Introduction    24
3.2 Rotating Packed Bed Model    25
3.2 Material balance for the gas and liquid phase    26
3.3 Energy balance for the gas and liquid phases    31
3.5 Rate equations    32
3.6 Chemical kinetics    41
3.7 Model implementation    43
3.8 Other parameters    43
Chapter 4 Model Validation and Investigations    45
4.1 Experimental data    45
4.2 Effect of gas–liquid flow rates    47
4.3 Temperature Bulge    54
4.4 High loading    57
4.5 Effects of MEA concentrations    60
4.6 Chapter summary    63
Chapter 5 Experiments and Modeling on Absorption of CO2 by Dilute Ammonia in Packed Bed and Rotating Packed Bed    64
5.1 Introduction    64
5.2 Experiment for Dilute Aqueous Ammonia Solution    66
5.3 Model Development    70
5.4 Experimental Results and Discussions    76
5.5 Model Validation of PB and RPB Models for Dilute Aqueous Ammonia Solution    80
5.6 Chapter Summary    82
Chapter 6 A Comparison between Packed Beds and Rotating Packed Beds Using MEA and Dilute NH3 Solutions    84
6.1 Introduction    84
6.2 Process design    86
6.3 Apparent Intensification Effects at Different Throughput Rates    92
6.4 Effects of Mass Transfer between Dilute Aqueous Ammonia and MEA Solution    95
6.5 Chapter Summary    103
Chapter 7 Conclusions    105
Reference    108
Nomenclature    120
Appendix    127
Appendix A. Material and energy balances for the PB    127
Appendix B. The specification of packing type of RPB and PB    128
Appendix C. Profiles of gas and liquid temperatures, CO2 loading, and partial pressure of CO2    129


                                

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