高熵合金將多種主元素以相近的比例混和而成之合金，由於組成元素種類繁多，藉由高熵效應、擴散遲緩、晶格扭曲與雞尾酒等四大效應，使得高熵合金有許多優異的機械性能，例如高強度、高破壞韌性、高磨耗組抗和極佳耐蝕能力等優異特性。其中，BCC結構的耐火高熵合金在高溫下能夠維持相穩定性，同時擁有良好的抗軟化能力。然而目前耐火高熵合金具有室溫下低延展性和高密度的缺點。本實驗設計了改進的成分Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTa0.5TiVZr，將密度較高的元素減半，同時再添加鋁元素，期望可以進一步降低密度的同時再利用鋁與其他耐火元素間較強的鍵結來進一步提高強度。基本性質分析包含XRD晶體結構鑑定、EBSD相鑑定、EDS成分分析，機械性質部分則包含維式硬度測試、奈米壓痕測試、室溫和高溫巨觀壓縮測試和變形後差排結構觀察等。實驗結果顯示，隨著Al含量的提高，有越來越多的C14 Laves第二相在樹枝間晶區域形成，使材料降伏強度有所提升但會犧牲部分延性，因為差排滑移時會受到第二相的阻礙而提升強度，並發現塑性變型時差排從相界大量生成，可以提升前期的加工硬化率，但到後期相界反而堆積過多差排導致應力集中產生破裂。同時第二相的存在也能在降低密度的同時維持整體耐火高熵合金的耐溫性能，且高Al含量的試片在高溫下也能展現延展性。

High-entropy alloys are alloys composed of multiple primary elements mixed in similar proportions. Due to the wide variety of constituent elements, high-entropy alloys exhibit excellent mechanical properties such as high strength, high fracture toughness, high wear resistance, and excellent corrosion resistance. Among them, refractory high-entropy alloys with a body-centered cubic (BCC) structure can maintain phase stability at high temperatures and possess good resistance to softening. However, current refractory high-entropy alloys have the disadvantages of low ductility at room temperature and high density. In this study, an improved composition Hf0.5Mo0.5NbTa0.5TiVZr was designed. The density of high-density elements was reduced by half, and aluminum was added to further reduce the density and utilize the strong bonding between aluminum and other refractory elements to enhance the strength. Basic property analysis includes XRD crystal structure identification, EBSD phase identification, and EDS composition analysis. The mechanical properties include Vickers hardness testing, nanoindentation testing, room temperature and high-temperature macro-compression testing, and observation of dislocation structures after deformation. The experimental results show that the increase in aluminum content, more C14 Laves phase precipitates are formed within the interdendritic regions of the material. This leads to an improvement in yield strength but sacrifices some ductility. The presence of precipitates impedes dislocation slip, thereby increasing the strength. It was observed that a large number of dislocations were generated from phase boundaries during plastic deformation, which can enhance the early-stage work hardening. However, excessive accumulation of dislocations at phase boundaries leads to stress concentration and fracture in later stages. Additionally, the presence of precipitates helps to maintain the high-temperature performance of the overall refractory high-entropy alloy while reducing the density. The sample with a high Al content could also show ductility at elevated temperature.

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