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研究生: 何世豪
論文名稱: 微中子震盪、自旋進動和微中子電偶極
Neutrino Oscillations, Spin Precession and EDM of Neutrinos
指導教授: 耿朝強
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱: 理學院 - 物理學系
Department of Physics
論文出版年: 2005
畢業學年度: 93
語文別: 英文
論文頁數: 42
中文關鍵詞: 微中子電偶極微中子磁偶極微中子震盪
外文關鍵詞: neutrino electrical dipole moment, neutrino magnetic moment, neutrino oscillation
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  • 微中子震盪的現象暗示微中子的質量有可能不像標準模型中一樣為零。對於狄Dirac微中子來說,這個現象也暗示了非零的磁偶極。在第一章裡,我們簡單的將微中子在真空和物質裡的震盪現象作一個簡介,再來討論了在Dirac微中子和Majorana微中子兩種情形下,其磁偶極和自旋進動的關係。在第二章裡,我們簡單的討論了太陽磁場和太陽微中子的實驗。在第三章,我們考慮了核反應器的微中子與電子的彈性散射實驗裡,磁偶極和電偶極的效應。最後,我們簡介了一點點超新星爆炸的機制並且試著藉由從超新星裡發射出的微中子,來改進微中子磁偶極的數據。


    CONTENTS 1. Neutrino Oscillations and Spin Precession . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.1 Neutrino Oscillations in Vacuum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 1.2 Neutrino Oscillations in Matter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 1.3 Neutrino Magnetic Moments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3.1 The Dirac Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 1.3.2 The Majorana Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.4 Spin Precession and Neutrino Oscillations In a Magnetic Field . . . . . . . 11 1.4.1 The Dirac Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11 1.4.2 The Majorana Case . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 2. The Sun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.1 The Solar Magnetic Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.2 Solar Neutrinos and Detectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 2.3 Neutrino Spin Precession in Solar Magnetic Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 3. The Reactor Experiments and the EMM and EDM of Neutrinos . . . . . . . . . 18 3.1 The Reactor Experiments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.2 The Electromagnetic form factors of Neutrino . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 3.3 Cross Section Formula . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 4. Supernovae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.1 The Catalog of Supernovae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.1.1 The Birth of Type Ia . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25 4.1.2 The Birth of Type II . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26 4.2 Supernovae and Neutrinos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 4.3 An Outlook: Magnetic Moments and Supernovae . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29 Appendix 30 A. Dirac Matrix and Trace Theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 A.1 Dirac Matrix . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 A.2 Trace Theorem and Dirac Matrices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Contents 5 B. Some Formulas of Majorana Neutrinos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 B.1 Derivation of EMM Matrix of Majorana Neutrinos . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 B.2 Vanishing diagonal EMM and EDM Matrix due to CPT Invariance . . . . 35 C. Neutrino Types and the Mass Fraction of Helium 4 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 C.1 The Friedmann Equation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 C.2 The Number of Spin States of Particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 C.3 Nucleosynthesis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 C.4 Neutrino Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39

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