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研究生: 王豐賀
Wang, Feng-Ho
論文名稱: 中文讀者閱讀不同難易度文言文之閱讀理解線上歷程:以眼動資料為證據
Exploring the eye movement patterns as Chinese reader reading Chinese Classical texts: the effect of text difficulty
指導教授: 陳明蕾
Minglei Chen
口試委員:
學位類別: 碩士
Master
系所名稱:
論文出版年: 2014
畢業學年度: 102
語文別: 中文
論文頁數: 77
中文關鍵詞: 文言文閱讀理解眼動型態篇章理解句子理解
外文關鍵詞: classical Chinese text, reading comprehension, eye movement, reading text comprehension, sentences comprehension
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  • 文言文是中文相當重要的文體結構之一。但至目前為止,中文篇章閱讀理解的基礎研究,多以白話文體為主要的研究材料。本研究有感於文言文閱讀理解歷程基礎研究之必要,擬以眼動儀記錄讀者閱讀文言文的眼動行為,試圖解釋不同程度中文讀者閱讀不同難易度文言文之閱讀理解線上歷程。研究對象為大學生與高中生各30名,分別閱讀不同難易度文言文各一篇,比較其閱讀眼動型態是否有所差別。研究結果從兩方面呈現,分別為以篇章為單位的分析和以句子為單位的分析,從讀者類型和文章難度來探索文言文閱讀的線上歷程。以篇章為單位的分析,從每分鐘平均可閱讀的字數(CPM)、平均凝視的時間(AFD),以及平均移動的距離(ASL)和閱讀評量答對率等四個指標來說明。研究發現,CPM和AFD兩項指標,文章難度有主要效果,但讀者類型沒有主要效果;而ASL和答對率兩項指標,則是文章難度沒有主要效果、但讀者類型有主要效果。而且四個指標都沒有交互作用。以句子為單位的分析,從三個眼動指標進行分析:分別是讀者進入句子後,在該句子第一次連續凝視的總時間(first gaze duration, GD)、讀者離開句子後重新回視的總凝視時間(rereading gaze, RG)、讀者對該句子的總閱讀時間(total reading time, TRT)。研究發現,GD指標,在文章難度(easy1鄒忌脩八尺有餘1——郁離子豢龍)和讀者類型有主要效果。二因子交互作用的部分皆沒有達到顯著水準。RG指標,在文章難度(easy1鄒忌脩八尺有餘1——郁離子豢龍;easy2鄒忌脩八尺有餘2——郁離子豢龍)和讀者類型都沒有主要效果。二因子交互作用的部分,在文章難度(easy1鄒忌脩八尺有餘1——郁離子豢龍)和讀者類型達到顯著水準。TRT指標,在文章難度(easy2鄒忌脩八尺有餘2——郁離子豢龍)有主要效果。二因子交互作用的部分,在文章難度(easy1鄒忌脩八尺有餘1——郁離子豢龍和easy2鄒忌脩八尺有餘2——郁離子豢龍)與讀者類型均達到顯著水準。綜合研究結果可知,雖然大學生和高中生平均每分鐘可閱讀的速度沒有差別,但是,大學生不論是建構命題或是統整命題的線上閱讀歷程,都較高中生更有效率,也因此,大學生文言文閱讀結束後的閱讀理解表徵也比高中生好。


    Classical Chinese plays a rather important role in generic structure. Yet, so far common Chinese text is the main basic research material in Chinese reading comprehension. Less information is available for on-line reading processes, much empirical research is needed. We examined whether difficulty of Classical Chinese text affected difference levels of Chinese readers in on-line reading processes from college and senior high school students. Eye movements were recorded while 60 students read 2 Classical Chinese texts of different difficulty. Two main findings were based on the analysis of text reading and sentences. Classical Chinese text on-line reading processes are presented in readers’ types and difficulty of texts.
    Characters per Minute (CPM), average fixation duration (AFD), average saccadic length (ASL)and reading comprehension correct ratio are used to explain the analysis of text reading. In the findings, main effect showed in difficulty of text reading but not in readers’ types based on CPM and AFD indexes. Main effect showed in readers’ types but not in difficulty of text reading based on ASL and Correct ratio indexes. There was no interaction among the four indexes.
    Three eye movement indexes, first gaze duration (GD), rereading gaze(RG) and total reading time (TRT) are used to analyze units of sentences. In the findings, main effect showed in difficulty of text reading (easy 1: Zhou Ji Xiu Ba Chi You Yu passage 1 and Yu Li Zi Zhuan Long ) and readers’ types based on GD index. Resutls showed that there was no significant two-way interaction. Based on RG index, main effect didn’t show in difficulty of text reading (easy 1: Zhou Ji Xiu Ba Chi You Yu passage 1 and Yu Li Zi Zhuan Long; easy 2: Zhou Ji Xiu Ba Chi You Yu passage 2 and Yu Li Zi Zhuan Long ) and readers’ types. The significance of two-way interaction showed in difficulty of text reading and readers’ types. Based on TRT index, main effect showed in difficulty of text reading (easy2: Zhou Ji Xiu Ba Chi You Yu passage 2 and Yu Li Zi Zhuan Long ). There was significant two-way interaction in the difficulty of text reading (easy1: Zhou Ji Xiu Ba Chi You Yu passage 1 and Yu Li Zi Zhuan Long; easy2: Zhou Ji Xiu Ba Chi You Yu passage 2 and Yu Li Zi Zhuan Long ) and readers’ types. Based on the finding in this research, there is no differnce in Characters per Minute (CPM) of colledge students and senior high school students. Meanwhile, college students have better efficiency in construccting or synthetic propostion in on-line reading processes. That is, they also have better later text comprehension in Classical Chinese texts than high school students.

    第一章 緒論 1 第一節 研究背景與動機 1 第二節 研究目的與問題 7 第三節 名詞定義 10 第二章 文獻探討 12 第一節 篇章理解與眼動指標 12 第二節 眼動與文言文閱讀的相關研究 21 第三節 關於篇章閱讀的眼動研究 24 第三章 研究方法 31 第一節 研究對象、實驗材料與研究設備 31 第二節 實驗程序與資料選擇、分析 33 第四章 研究結果 35 第一節 以篇章為單位的分析結果 35 第二節 以句子為單位的分析結果 38 第五章 討論與結論 44 第一節 討論 44 第二節 結論 50

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