近年我國缺工問題日趨嚴重，導致外籍移工的需求大幅增加，截至2023年2月底外籍移工人數已達歷史新高，無論是在工廠、工地、醫院、家庭等各行各業皆能看到移工們的身影。然而，儘管外籍移工在我國勞動力市場扮演不可或缺的角色，但在職業安全衛生上仍為弱勢族群，其職業災害發生率長期高於本國勞工。本研究利用敘述統計、ordered probit model、卡方檢定之統計分析，結果顯示外籍移工職業災害主要集中於製造業，而災害的嚴重程度也受到年齡、年資、性別、國籍、產業、事故原因及媒介物等因素影響。隨著年齡的增加，職業災害程度呈現下降趨勢，然而當加入年資進行分析後，年齡越大，越容易受到較嚴重的職業災害。依年資觀察，年資較長者，受到較嚴重的職業災害風險相對低。在性別及國籍的考量下，男性與外籍移工較易遭遇嚴重職業災害。在製造業中，相較於電子零組件製造業，家具製造業、木竹製品製造業受到較嚴重的職業災害風險相對低；而化學材料及肥料製造業、汽車及其零件製造業，則更容易受到較嚴重的職業災害。事故原因主要為被刺割擦傷、被夾被捲、墬落滾落，且大多為動力機械、營建物及施工設備所造成。此外，透過訪談與實地勘查資料，結果顯示語言隔閡為外籍移工主要問題，且語言隔閡進一步影響了安全衛生教育訓練的成效。為達到外籍移工降災、減災目標，需要提供外籍移工合適的安全衛生教育訓練、改善工作環境與條件、建立良好的工作守則，並結合產、官、學三方共同力量，才能有效解決外籍移工職業災害問題。

In recent years, the labor shortage in our country has become increasingly severe, leading to a significant increase in the demand for migrant workers. By the end of February 2023, the number of migrant workers had reached a historic high, and their presence can be seen in various sectors, such as factories, construction sites, hospitals, and households. Despite their indispensable role in the labor market, they remain a vulnerable group in terms of occupational safety and health, with a consistently higher occupational accident rate than domestic workers.
Through descriptive statistics, ordered probit model, and chi-square test statistical analysis, this study shows that occupational accidents among migrant workers are mainly concentrated in the manufacturing industry, with varying degrees of occupational accidents based on age, tenure, gender, nationality, sub-sectors of manufacturing, causes of accidents, and mediums.
As age increases, the severity of occupational accidents shows a downward trend. However, when length of service is factored in, older workers are more susceptible to severe occupational accidents. When considering service years, those with longer service have a relatively lower risk of severe occupational accidents. Under the consideration of gender and nationality, males and migrant workers are more likely to encounter severe occupational accidents.
In the manufacturing sector, compared to the electronic components industry, the furniture manufacturing, and bamboo and wood product manufacturing industries face relatively lower risk of severe occupational accidents. Conversely, the chemical materials and fertilizer manufacturing, and automobile and its parts manufacturing industries are more prone to severe occupational accidents. The main causes of accidents are cuts and abrasions, getting caught or rolled in machinery, and falling or rolling, most of which are caused by general power machinery, construction structures, and construction equipment.
Furthermore, through interviews and field investigations, it becomes apparent that language barriers are a major issue for migrant workers, which further affect the effectiveness of safety and health education training. To achieve the goals of reducing accidents among migrant workers, it is necessary to provide appropriate safety and health education training, improve working conditions, establish good working rules, and combine the collective efforts of the industry, government, and academia. Only through this comprehensive approach can we effectively solve the occupational accident issues facing migrant workers.

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