隨著國際經濟的快速發展，航空工業的地位就越顯得重要且具有價值。根據國際民航組織 (International Civil Aviation Organization, ICAO)的統計，在未來的三十年後，航空業的發展規模為現在的數倍之多，而意外發生的機會也隨之增加。探究目前的飛航安全維護工作，大多朝向人為因素及人機介面著手；此外，目前有許多相關的航空安全議題也越來越獲得重視，國際民航組織將於2008年起實施航空人員（包括飛行員、航管人員）語言水準等級考核制度，並要求各國在航空人員證照管理中訂定語言水準等級。語言溝通是在每一次飛行任務中必需要面對的操作程序，在過去的文獻中記載，溝通的失誤造成了許多重大的空難事件，如非洲 Canary Island上所發生歷史上最嚴重的空難事件，探究其意外發生的原因之ㄧ就與溝通失誤有所相關。故，本研究以飛行員與航管人員在溝通用語上所產生的差異與失誤為研究主題，將溝通差異與失誤發生的原因分為語言性及非語言性因素進行探討。
在研究方法上，研究對象為國內六大航空公司與各航空管制單位進行研究。本研究中使用專家問卷、訪談及線上錄音抄件分析的方式進行探討。專家問卷部分，利用五點量表與因素評比方式探討常見的溝通失誤類型與其所造成的影響；專家訪談中，瞭解線上飛行員與航管人員在溝通發生時所面對的情境與失誤之解決方式。在錄音抄件分析時，以案例分析方式，瞭解目前飛行員與航管人員之間出現的溝通問題進行探討。最後，結合各研究方法上所蒐集的資料加以整合，對線上相關人員提出溝通用語方面的結論與建議。
結論部分，在失誤因素評比分析與影響程度方面，飛行員與航管人員認為數目的相似性與不完整的覆誦容易造成溝通失誤的發生；情境因素之探討，在機場繁忙的狀況下容易造成溝通失誤的發生，而且容易導致飛行員有不完整覆誦的情況；在錄音抄件分析部分，目前所發生的案例中最容易發生預期心理、聆聽與覆誦未確實執行及航管術語之誤解等失誤。探究失誤發生的原因，多數還是與人為因素有關，故，降低失誤最佳的方式，仍需落實標準作業程序及訓練。

With the rapid development of the international economy, the aviation industry becomes more and more important and valuable. According to the statistics of the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO), after 30 years the scale of the aviation industry will multiply and will lead an increased opportunity for accidents. Most of the current research on the navigation safety maintenance starts with human factors and the man-machine interfaces. In addition, as aviation security issues get more and more attention, the ICAO requires controllers and pilots to demonstrate a level of English language proficiency and all countries have to apply the International standards for Personnel Licensing. The new requirements will take effect in 2008. Language communications is one of the operation procedures controllers and pilots have to face in every aerial mission. According to the literature, the communication errors have caused many major air disasters. For example, in the case of the crash in the Canary Island of Africa, communication errors were one of the causes of one of the most serious air disasters in history. Thus, this research focuses on the differences and errors caused by communication languages and discuss the language factors and non-language factors that cause the communication gap and associated errors.
In terms of research methods, the research objects include the six major airlines and air traffic control units. Expert questionnaires, expert interviews, and on-line recording copies are used for this research. The expert questionnaires help to analyze the types of common communication errors and their affects by a 5-point Rating Scale and factors comparing and assess. The expert interviews identify the situations when pilots and controllers communicate on-line and their solutions of communication errors. The research also uses a case study to discuss the communication problems between pilots and navigation personnel by analyzing the on-line recording copies. Finally, the research integrates the information gathered from all the research methods and provides conclusions and suggestions on communication language to related personnel.
Regarding conclusions, in terms of the error factor comparison appraisal analysis and the influence aspect, the pilots and the navigation personnel believe the problems with numbers and partial readbacks tend to cause communication errors. The situation factors analysis finds that under busy air traffic conditions, it is easy to have communication errors and easy to lead pilots to have partial readbacks. The sound recording analysis finds mental expectation, incomplete hearbacks and readbacks, as well as misunderstanding on standard terminologies are the most common errors at present. Most of the errors are caused by human related factors. Thus, the best way to decrease the errors is to implement the standard operation procedure and training.

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