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研究生： 黃耀新
論文名稱： 利用往復式擠型法及高鋁含量改善AZ系列鎂合金超塑性與成型性之研究
指導教授： 葉均蔚
口試委員:
學位類別： 碩士
Master
系所名稱： 工學院 - 材料科學工程學系
Materials Science and Engineering
論文出版年： 2007
畢業學年度： 95
語文別： 中文
論文頁數： 125
中文關鍵詞： 鎂合金 、往復式擠型 、超塑性
相關次數： 點閱：2  下載：0 
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    • 本論文利用擠製高鋁含量AZ鎂合金Mg-xAl-1Zn (x=12,13,14,15,16) 研究往復式擠型對微結構、超塑性及成型性的影響。結果顯示本系列合金鑄造態微結構為樹枝晶相及共晶相所構成，其共晶相由α基地相及β相(Mg17Al12)所組成。而鑄錠經往復式擠型，可得到晶粒細化與Mg17Al12均勻散佈的效果，並使合金硬度較鑄造態大為提高。增加擠型次數，更能使β相的散佈更均勻，而隨著鋁含量增加，提升β相鎖住α相晶界的效果，使α相在擠型過程中的晶粒更為細化。
    超塑性試驗顯示，在300℃的條件下，經往復式擠型十次的Al 14,15及16 wt% AZ合金皆有超塑性， 其中以15wt%具有最佳超塑性。
    成型性試驗結果顯示與材料的原始厚度和應變速率有關。厚度增加，不受模具的摩擦力限制的自由變形區越大，鍛壓的效果越好。應變速率下降、流應力下降，在沖壓過程中與材料接觸的時間愈長，因此對材料進行低流應力塑性變形的時間也愈長，使材料鍛壓的效果提高。而鋁含量對成型性的影響不大，應歸因於本實驗沖壓應變速率皆在100以上，使晶界滑移機制所產生的超塑性無法發揮所致。

    誌謝 I 摘要 III 目錄 IV 圖目錄 VIII 表目錄 XII 壹、前言 1 貳、文獻回顧 4 2-1 鎂合金特性與應用 4 2-1-1 鎂合金的特性 4 2-1-2 鎂合金的應用 6 2-1-3 鎂合金的加工方法 8 2-1-3-1 鑄造法( casting) 8 2-1-3-2 鍛造法(forging) 9 2-2 鎂合金強化機制 13 2-2-1 材料強化原理 13 2-3 添加元素對鎂合金的影響 15 2-4 細化晶粒的方法 17 2-4-1 機械合金（mechanically alloying, MA） 19 2-4-2 熱機處理（thermo-mechanical processing, TMP） 19 2-4-3 快速凝固（rapid solidification processing, RSP） 19 2-4-4 物理氣相沈積（physical vapor deposition, PVD） 20 2-4-5 扭轉應變（torsion straining） 20 2-4-6 等通道轉角擠型（equal channel angular extrusion, ECAE） 20 2-4-7 往復式擠型（reciprocating extrusion） 25 2-5 超塑性材料的介紹 26 2-5-1 超塑性的定義 26 2-5-2 金屬超塑性的發展 28 2-5-3 超塑性的分類 29 2-5-4 高速超塑性之發展 30 2-6 超塑性變形的力學基礎 32 2-7 影響超塑性變形的因素 34 2-7-1 變形溫度的影響 34 2-7-2 晶粒尺寸及形狀的影響 38 2-7-3 應變速率的影響 39 2-7-4 兩相組織的影響 39 2-7-5 應力狀態的影響 40 2-8 超塑性變形機構 40 2-8-1 單一晶粒晶界滑移 46 2-8-2 共同晶界滑移 46 2-9 本研究之目的 53 參、實驗步驟 55 3-1材料準備及成分分析 55 3-2往復式擠型 55 3-3金相觀察 56 3-4硬度測量 57 3-5常溫拉伸試驗 57 3-6 超塑性試驗 57 3-7 沖壓成型試驗 58 肆、結果與討論 67 4-1 往復擠型對微結構的影響 67 4-1-1不同鋁含量鑄造狀態的微結構 67 4-1-2 擠型對微結構的影響 67 4-2 擠型對鎂合金機械性質的影響 69 4-2-1不同成份鎂合金的擠型後的硬度 69 4-2-2固溶及時效處理對擠型後合金微結構及性質的影響 69 4-2-3 滾軋對擠型後合金微結構及性質的影響 70 4-2-4擠型後合金的超塑性 72 4-3 成型性試驗 73 4-3-1 鋁含量及溫度對成型性的影響 73 4-3-2 不同成型速率對成型性的影響 76 伍、結論 117 陸、參考文獻 119

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