根據Jahoda的剝奪理論與Fryer的主體理論，失業後人們無法繼續從工作中獲取潛功能(時間結構、定期活動、社會地位、共同目標、社會接觸)與顯功能(財務收入)的益處，導致人們身心健康程度下降。過去國外許多實證研究結果也支持此項論點，失業者因為無法透過工作獲取潛/顯功能而使其身心健康程度比就業者來的低。本研究之目的在於從剝奪理論的觀點，探討非自願失業對於個體身心健康的影響。研究對象為全台失業勞工。本研究採用問卷調查法，回收有效問卷367份。採用潛/顯功能問卷(Latent and Manifest Benefits scale, LAMB)、一般健康問卷(General Health Questionnaire:GHQ-28)與心理資本問卷(PsyCap questionnaire, PCQ)、失業者基本資料表作為研究工具，藉由t檢定，階層迴歸進行資料分析。本研究結果發現非自願失業勞工之功能剝奪感並未顯著高於自願失業勞工；且非自願失業勞工之身心健康程度並未顯著低於自願性失業勞工。從研究結果得知，失業勞工之功能剝奪感程度越高，越不利其身心健康程度的維持。此外，心理資本與失業期間對於失業勞工之功能剝奪感對身心健康之關係不具有調節效果。最後，根據本研究結果提供理論意涵和實務建議。並針對研究限制及未來的研究建議提出討論。

According to Janoda’s latent deprivation theory and Fryer’s agency restriction theory, people who leave their jobs lose such latent benefits as time structure, activities, status, identity, membership in a collective, social contacts, and manifest benefits such as financial income. The loss of these benefits can harm people’s health. The purpose of the study is to examine the relationship between functions deprivation, psychological health, and unemployment. The questionnaires were distributed to the employment service station in Taiwan, of that, 367 effective samples were returned. Instruments used in this study included Latent and Manifest Benefits (LAMB) Scale, the General Health Questionnaire: GHQ28, and the PsyCap Questionnaire. We then conducted a t-test and a regression analysis to analyze the empirical data. This study has found evidence that involuntarily unemployed persons’ latent and manifest benefits are not significant higher than voluntarily unemployed person; and health levels are not lower than those of voluntarily unemployed persons. Also according to the results, deprivation of latent and manifest benefits leads to a decrease in physical and mental health. And psychological capital and unemployment duration are not influence the deprivation’s effects on health. Finally, to provide theoretical and practical implications of recommendations based on the findings. And the implications and suggestions for future studies are also provided.

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