軍人作戰時面臨子彈、炸藥等重大生命威脅之下，頭部防護的需求因而上升，由於軍盔乃個人頭部防護的第一道安全防線，不論是在平時操練與實戰防護下，皆需長時間配戴，因此軍盔除了要具備防護武器衝擊功能外，配戴時的感受更是一頂良好軍盔的重要考量。因此，本研究將探討不同軍盔搭配內襯墊的舒適性以及合適性，並提出軍盔與內襯墊的設計建議。
本研究包含兩個實驗，實驗一探討兩類使用者（軍人以及未受過軍事訓練的一般生）配戴三種軍盔（現行使用之PASGT盔以及根據本國國人頭型尺寸所設計的新型全耳盔與新型高耳盔）進行五種操練動作（站立、行走、快走、匍匐前進與臥倒）下的主客觀反應，共招募30位（15位軍人與15位未受過軍事訓練的一般生）年齡介於20~30歲之男性。實驗一結果顯示，兩款新型軍盔在頭部壓力表現普遍較舊盔佳，但彼此間的差異不大；在頭部膚溫與盔內溫濕度方面，兩款新型軍盔對頭部各部位造成的溫濕度上升幅度普遍較舊盔小；多數主觀感受評量結果也顯示，新型高耳盔表現顯著較佳，新型全耳盔次之，舊盔最差。此外，實驗結果也顯示一般生在頭部各部位造成的溫濕度上升幅度普遍較軍人大。
根據實驗一的主客觀結果，可推論一般生較難以快速適應軍盔配戴，因此，為了有效幫助一般生，本研究針對內襯墊進行設計變更，並於實驗二搭配普遍使用之新型全耳盔盔種評估兩種內襯墊設計（原尺寸的襯墊以及經尺寸調整與開孔設計之內襯墊設計）在五種操練動作（同實驗一）下的主客觀反應，此部份共招募30位一般生且年齡介於20~30歲之男性。實驗二結果顯示，兩種內襯墊在頭部各部位壓力具有顯著差異，其中新型內襯墊在各部位造成的壓力普遍較小；在頭部膚溫與盔內溫濕度方面，新型內襯墊對頭部各部位造成的溫濕度上升幅度普遍較原內襯墊小；主觀感受評量方面，同樣以新型內襯墊表現較佳。
最後，本研究依據實驗結果提出未來軍盔與內襯墊設計之改善建議，提供國軍參考，包含使用符合國人頭型之軍盔、減少盔體覆蓋率、使用尺寸合適的內襯墊以及於內襯墊中增加孔洞之建議，期能有效地提升國軍配戴之合適性以及舒適性。

Military helmets have been utilized to provide protection against shrapnel and ballistic threats, which could reduce head injuries and fatalities. Soldiers need to wear military helmets for a long time whether in the routine practice or combat operations. Thus, it is important to investigate the comfort and fit of different helmets and helmet pad design.
This study includes two experiments to measure the subjective and objective data such as contact pressure, skin temperature, in-helmet temperature and humidity, and subjective ratings. The first experiment was to investigate the effects of military training (with or without related experience) and helmet design under different military training courses. Thirty male participants (15 military students and 15 university students) conducted three training courses (standing, walking, brisk walking) in the laboratory environment and two training courses (medium crawling and lying down) in outdoor environment with three military helmets (PASGT helmet, new full-cut helmet and new high-cut helmet). The results showed that both new helmets had better performance (in terms of contact pressure, skin temperature, in-helmet temperature, in-helmet humidity and subjective rating) than the PASGT helmet. The new high-cut helmet had the best considering subjective and objective data, while PASGT helmet had the worst. In addition, the skin temperature, in-helmet temperature and humidity observed in participants without military training showed more increase than those with related experience.
The results also reveal that participants without military training had lower adaptability to physiological responses. In order to help improve their perceived comfort while wearing a military helmet, this study introduced a new helmet pad design, which considered compression ratio and ventilation elements. The second experiment was to evaluate the subjective and objective responses of 30 male participants without military training while wearing helmets with different helmet pad design. (the original pad and the new pad design) under different military training courses. The results showed that the new pad had significantly lower contact pressure. The new pad also produced smaller change in skin temperature, in-helmet temperature and humidity. In respect of the subjective ratings, the new pad also had better performance. According to the results, the new pad design can improve the comfort of users without military training effectively.
Based on the experimental results, this study can provide useful information on military helmets and helmet pad design, including suitable helmet size, less helmet cover rate, proper pad size and ventilation design on helmet pad. The results can help the future development of the military policy-making of personal protective equipment.

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