本研究的目的主要是探討電子化採購系統建置過程中的重要影響因素。建置電子化採購系統可以有效整合企業內各項資源及企業與供應商間的流程，除了提升作業效率、降低採購處理成本及時間之外，也能確保交易的正確性。但由於導入電子化採購系統常涉及企業的變革活動，而企業在面臨變革時常會因為建置過程中的種種因素而畏懼或放棄或躊躇不前，因此，探討電子化採購系統建置過程中的重要影響因素，並藉以提高建置成功的機率，便成為重要研究的課題。
本研究援引Kwon and Zmud等學者由創新擴散理論所演繹出的資訊系統建置六階段模型為基礎，以全面性的角度探討影響電子化採購系統建置的關鍵因素，歸納出不同影響因素在各階段的重要程度。
本研究以天下雜誌2004年企業前500大為研究母體，共回收58份問卷，研究發現，在電子化採購系統各建置階段的重要影響因素確有不同的影響程度：第一階段起始期的重要影響因素包含「改善作業流程及做好庫存管理」等因素；第二階段採用期的重要影響因素包含「確定資料的即時性及正確性」、「易於進行資訊科技的整合」等因素；而「改善作業流程」等因素為第三階段適應期、第四階段接納期、第五階段常規化及第六階段融合期中的重要影響因素，而六大影響構面在融合期相較於在其他五個階段其影響程度都還深遠且重要性也相對為大。
關鍵字：創新擴散、電子化採購

This study aims to investigate the critical factors of e-procurement implementation process. The e-procurement has become one of the important enterprise internet applications for effective integration of internal and external resources of a firm. The reported benefits include not only operation efficiency and cost reduction but also transaction accuracy and stakeholder satisfaction. However, its implementation involves a lot of change management so that it requires careful planning in advance and thoughtful execution to increase the odds for a success.

Based on Kwon and Zmud’s “diffusion of innovation” six-staged model, we examine the critical factors on each stage of the e-procurement system. An empirical study was conducted to validate the proposed model. A questionnaire set was mailed to each of the top 500 enterprises in Taiwan. Among them, 58 sets were returned and tallied. The results indicate that operating procedure & inventory management are the major concerning factors on the initiation stage (first stage). The assurance of data accuracy & easy integration of information technology are the key factors on the second stage (adoption). For the stages of adaptation (the third stage), acceptance (the fourth stage), routinization (the fifth stage) and infusion (the sixth stage), the operating procedure improvement is also the key factor for each. In general, wider spectrums of factors are influencing the process of the infusion stage than that of other stages.

Keywords: diffusion of innovation, e-procurement, critical factor

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