摘要
近年來由於國際原油價格高漲,因此發展出潔淨價廉且可再生之替代能源成為全球各地的共識,生質柴油則為其中較可行之方案。
由於均相或非均相觸媒在批次系統中進行高酸價油脂產製生質柴油之製程需較繁複的中間及後續處理程序(如大量水洗、中和、蒸餾、過濾固態觸媒等),故本研究以固態觸媒搭配二階段式填充床反應器將高酸價油酯及甲醇先後進行酯化及轉酯化反應來產製生質柴油,可降低生產所需時間及成本而提升生產效率,所使用之固態觸媒亦可回收再利用。
本研究分別選用Amberlsyt BD 20及CaO/SiO2作為酸、鹼觸媒,將批次系統中測試之較佳條件應用於填充床系統內。由結果可知,高酸價油脂(酸價:15 mg KOH/g、水分 0.07 wt%)與甲醇在Amberlsyt BD 20:7g、CaO/SiO2:75g、溫度:65 ℃、醇油比:12、醇油混合液流速:0.7 ml/min、操作時間:120 min之反應條件下,可得其穩態產率值90 %。
關鍵字:生質柴油,固體觸媒,填充床,酯化,轉酯化
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