論台灣閩南語功能詞「安呢」多功能及語法化

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研究生：	沈君蓉 Shen, Chunjung
論文名稱：	論台灣閩南語功能詞「安呢」多功能及語法化 On Multiple Functions and Grammaticalization of The TSM Function Word, An2-ni1
指導教授：	連金發 Lien, Chinfa
口試委員:	曹逢甫張妙霞連金發
學位類別：	碩士 Master
系所名稱：	人文社會學院 - 語言學研究所 Institute of Linguistics
論文出版年：	2011
畢業學年度：	99
語文別：	英文
論文頁數：	266
中文關鍵詞：	安呢、語法化、多功能
外文關鍵詞：	an2-ni1, grammaticalization, function word
相關次數：	點閱：3 下載：0
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本論文旨在探討閩南語功能詞「安呢」現今的用法和功能及這些功能的發展，並提出「安呢」處於語法化過程的假設進而論證。以現代閩南語故事集為主要觀察語料，發現「安呢」分布相當廣泛，這不僅顯示出其句法限制少，同時也暗指在不同的構式，「安呢」有不同的詮釋及功能。
本文首先指出「安呢」語意可經由言外指涉和言內指涉來取得。討論言外指涉時，文中指出言外指涉訊息的表現形式，包括語境中的實體或推論訊息或語義缺乏三種形式。在進行言外指涉時，語料顯示「安呢」可做為方式副詞、述語限定詞、述語、強調標記及填補語音空白。就言內指涉部分，本文論及「安呢」指涉的語言訊息其句法形式為何。而所取代的訊息內容可大致可分成述語訊息和情節或建議類訊息。言內指涉過程中，「安呢」扮演的功能包括方式副詞、述語限定詞、述語、動詞內部論元、連續言談邊界標記和言談標記等。
結合這兩種指涉過程，本文探討「安呢」的主要功能，包括：(1) 方式副詞；(2) 述語限定詞；(3) 言談標記；(4) 強調標記。做為方式副詞時，「安呢」出現在動詞前，說明動作進行的方式；作為述語限定詞時，「安呢」在屬格標記和光桿名詞組前，指明光桿名詞組所指涉的個體。就言談標記功能，本文進一步分成兩大類，一類是言談標記「安呢」具有表明其前後語言訊息之間的時間連續關係。在本文細部探討中，這類的言談標記「安呢」將標示為SDM (sequential discourse marker)，此時「安呢」功能上引介訊息間的因果連續關係、假設效應關係和純粹時間軸延續的關係。另一類言談標記「安呢」功能在於轉換主題和填補語音空白以維持語流。為與第一類言談標記區分，此類的「安呢」將標記為DM；此時，「安呢」出現在兩個言談區塊之間，第二個言談區塊可表對於主要主題建議或評論或針對主要主題做更細部描述。
最後，本文主要功能的發展路徑，包括類推、重新分析、概念轉換、語義考量等等。在論證「安呢」語法化假設時，除了論證語義的演變符合語法化的傾向，進一步從實質語義虛無、語音縮減強化連接功能、主觀化和互動主觀化、語義歧異、單向性發展、去範疇化等等加以說明。簡言之，本文談論「安呢」指涉性、主要功能及其如何發展；最後，列舉「安呢」語言行為以作為語法化假設的證據。

Contents
摘要    I
Abstract    II
Acknowledgement    IV
Contents    VI
List of Figures    VIII
List of Tables    IX
Chapter 1 Introduction    1
1.1    Approaches    5
1.2    Data Collection    8
1.3    Assumptions of Grammaticalization    8
1.4    Goal and Organization    9
Chapter 2 Literature Review    11
2.1 Chang (2002)    11
2.1.1 Content of the Research    11
2.1.2 Thoughts on the Research    13
2.2 Liu (2003)    16
2.2.1 Content of the Research    16
2.2.2 Thoughts on the Research    19
2.3 Summary    20
Chapter 3 Theoretical Framework    21
3.1 Construction Grammar    21
3.2 Language Change and Grammaticalization    22
Chapter 4 Referentiality and Multiple Functions of An2-ni1    39
4.1 Exophoric Reference    40
4.1.1 Types of Exophoric Referent    41
4.1.2 Functions Performed by an Exophoric An2-ni1    47
4.2 Endophoric Reference    55
4.2.1 Syntactic Forms of an Endophoric Referent    58
4.2.2 Types of the Referred Information    69
4.2.3 Functions Performed by an Endophoric An2-ni1    80
4.3 The Comparison between An2-ni1 and Mandarin Zheyang and Nayang    116
4.4 The Detailed Discussion of An2-ni1 as Predicate Determiner Phrase    125
4.4.1 The Distinction among An2-ni1, Hit1-lo7/Chit1-lo7 and Hit1-khoan2/Chit1-khoan2    125
4.4.2 The Distinction among An2-ni1, Hiah1-ni1 and Chiah1-ni1    146
4.4.3 Previous Researches on DP    151
4.4.4 The Position and Identity of An2-ni1 in A DP    158
4.5 Summary    161
Chapter 5 The Function Development, Grammaticalization and Semantic Evolutions of An2-ni1    164
5.1 An Overview of the Development of the Functions    164
5.1.1 The Development of Pro-form and Predicate Determiner Phrase Functions    166
5.1.2 The Development of Sequential Discourse Marker and Discourse Marker Functions    169
5.1.3 The Development of Emphatic Marker Function    189
5.2 Grammaticalization    190
5.2.1 Semantic Evolution    190
5.2.2 Phenomena Indicating Grammaticalization of An2-ni1    198
5.3 Summary    243
Chapter 6 Conclusion    246
6.1 Summary of Each Chapter    246
6.2 Future Research    248
Appendix I    251
Appendix II    255
Appendix III    259
References    261

                                

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